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Execute $HADOOP_HOME/bin/stop-all.sh to stop all the nodes in the cluster. This command should be issued from the node where cluster was started.
If there are any errors, examine the log files in the HADOOP_HOME/logs/ directory.

Namenode is in safe mode

The following error comes up when the Namenode is safe mode:

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HADOOP_HOME/bin/hadoop dfsadmin -safemode leave

Namenode is not getting started

Sometimes Namenode fails to start if it's data directories have been deleted or corrupted. Usually these directories are configured by dfs.name.dir and dfs.data.dir properties in HADOOP_HOME/conf/hdfs-site.xml. Make sure those directories are readable and writable for Hadoop user. 

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If dfs.name.dir and dfs.data.dir has not been configured, Hadoop creates them in Hadoop temporary directory. That directory is defaulted to /tmp/hadoop-${user.name} which is cleaned after every reboot. So if namenode data is created inside /tmp, Namenode will fail to start after a node restart.

Datanode is not getting started - java.io.IOException: Incompatible namespaceIDs

If  the error “java.io.IOException: Incompatible namespaceIDs” has been observed in the logs of a DataNode (logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-.log), sometimes  you might have affected by issue HDFS-107 (formerly known as HADOOP-1212). Due to this error, Datanode fails to start.

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