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Warning
This is available only as a WUM update and is effective from 22nd October 2018 (2018-10-22). For more information on updating WSO2 API Manager, see Updating WSO2 API Manager.

In contrast to the usual one-way SSL authentication where a client verifies the identity of the server, in mutual Mutual SSL the server validates the identity of the client so that both parties trust each other. This builds a system that has a very tight security and avoids any requests made to the client to provide the username/password, as long as the server is aware of the certificates that belong to the client.

This section explains how APIs in WSO2 API Manager can be secured using mutual Mutual SSL in addition to OAuth2.

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minLevel	3

Enable securing APIs with

...

Mutual SSL

Follow the steps below to enable this feature in WSO2 API Manager.

Create the AM_API_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE table in the APIM DB using the appropriate script given below. Note that the database name will depend on the databases present in your environment.

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active	true
id	H2
title	H2

Code Block

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `AM_API_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE` (
 `TENANT_ID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
 `ALIAS` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL,
 `API_ID` INTEGER NOT NULL,
 `CERTIFICATE` BLOB NOT NULL,
 `REMOVED` BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
 `TIER_NAME` VARCHAR (512),
 FOREIGN KEY (API_ID) REFERENCES AM_API (API_ID) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE,
 PRIMARY KEY (`ALIAS`,`TENANT_ID`, `REMOVED`)
);

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id	MSSQL
title	MSSQL

Code Block

IF NOT  EXISTS (SELECT * FROM SYS.OBJECTS WHERE OBJECT_ID = OBJECT_ID(N'[DBO].[AM_API_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE]') AND TYPE IN (N'U'))
CREATE TABLE AM_API_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE (
   TENANT_ID INTEGER NOT NULL,
   ALIAS VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL,
   API_ID INTEGER NOT NULL,
   CERTIFICATE VARBINARY(MAX) NOT NULL,
   REMOVED BIT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
   TIER_NAME VARCHAR(512),
   PRIMARY KEY (ALIAS, TENANT_ID, REMOVED),
   FOREIGN KEY (API_ID) REFERENCES AM_API(API_ID) ON DELETE CASCADE
);

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id	MySQL
title	MySQL

Code Block

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `AM_API_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE` (
 `TENANT_ID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
 `ALIAS` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL,
 `API_ID` INTEGER NOT NULL,
 `CERTIFICATE` BLOB NOT NULL,
 `REMOVED` BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
 `TIER_NAME` VARCHAR (512),
 FOREIGN KEY (API_ID) REFERENCES AM_API (API_ID) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE,
 PRIMARY KEY (`ALIAS`, `TENANT_ID`, `REMOVED`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

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id	MySQLC
title	MySQL Cluster

Code Block

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `AM_API_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE` (
 `TENANT_ID` INT(11) NOT NULL,
 `ALIAS` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL,
 `API_ID` INTEGER NOT NULL,
 `CERTIFICATE` BLOB NOT NULL,
 `REMOVED` BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
 `TIER_NAME` VARCHAR (512),
 FOREIGN KEY (API_ID) REFERENCES AM_API (API_ID) ON DELETE CASCADE,
 PRIMARY KEY (`ALIAS`, `TENANT_ID`, `REMOVED`)
) ENGINE=NDB;

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id	Oracle
title	Oracle

Code Block

CREATE TABLE AM_API_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE (
 TENANT_ID INTEGER NOT NULL,
 ALIAS VARCHAR2(45) NOT NULL,
 API_ID INTEGER NOT NULL,
 CERTIFICATE BLOB NOT NULL,
 REMOVED INTEGER DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,
 TIER_NAME VARCHAR2 (512),
 FOREIGN KEY (API_ID) REFERENCES AM_API (API_ID) ON DELETE CASCADE,
 PRIMARY KEY (ALIAS, TENANT_ID, REMOVED)
)
/

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id	OracleR
title	Oracle_rac

Code Block

CREATE TABLE AM_API_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE (
 TENANT_ID INTEGER NOT NULL,
 ALIAS VARCHAR2(45) NOT NULL,
 API_ID INTEGER NOT NULL,
 CERTIFICATE BLOB NOT NULL,
 REMOVED INTEGER DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,
 TIER_NAME VARCHAR2(512),
 FOREIGN KEY (API_ID) REFERENCES AM_API (API_ID) ON DELETE CASCADE,
 PRIMARY KEY (ALIAS, TENANT_ID, REMOVED)
)
/

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id	PostgreSQL
title	PostgreSQL

Code Block

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS AM_API_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE;
CREATE TABLE AM_API_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE (
 TENANT_ID INTEGER NOT NULL,
 ALIAS VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL,
 API_ID INTEGER NOT NULL,
 CERTIFICATE BYTEA NOT NULL,
 REMOVED BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
 TIER_NAME VARCHAR(512),
 FOREIGN KEY (API_ID) REFERENCES AM_API (API_ID) ON DELETE CASCADE,
 PRIMARY KEY (ALIAS, TENANT_ID, REMOVED)
);

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id	DB2
title	DB2

Code Block

CREATE TABLE AM_API_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE (
  TENANT_ID INT NOT NULL,
  ALIAS VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL,
  API_ID INTEGER NOT NULL,
  CERTIFICATE BLOB NOT NULL,
  REMOVED SMALLINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
  TIER_NAME VARCHAR (512),
  FOREIGN KEY (API_ID) REFERENCES AM_API (API_ID) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE,
  PRIMARY KEY (ALIAS, TENANT_ID, REMOVED)
)/

Open the <API-M_HOME>/repository/conf/axis2/axis2.xml file. Locate the transportReceiver for https as shown below.
Code Block
<transportReceiver name="https" class="org.apache.synapse.transport.passthru.PassThroughHttpSSLListener">
Change the class name to org.apache.synapse.transport.passthru.PassThroughHttpMultiSSLListener. The sample is given below.
Code Block
<transportReceiver name="https" class="org.apache.synapse.transport.passthru.PassThroughHttpMultiSSLListener">

Add the following parameters under transportReceiver similar to the sample given below.

Code Block

<parameter name="dynamicSSLProfilesConfig">
	<filePath>repository/resources/security/listenerprofiles.xml</filePath>
	<fileReadInterval>600000</fileReadInterval>
</parameter>
<parameter name="SSLVerifyClient">optional</parameter>

The dynamicSSLProfilesConfig specifies the file read to load the dynamic SSL profile and the time interval in which it will be read.
Note that if the fileReadInterval parameter is set to 600000, it will take at least 10 minutes for the gateway to accept a newly added client certificate.

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title	Expand to see the transportReceiver segment after the changes mentioned above have been made...

Code Block

<transportReceiver name="https" class="org.apache.synapse.transport.passthru.PassThroughHttpMultiSSLListener">
        <parameter name="port" locked="false">8243</parameter>
        <parameter name="non-blocking" locked="false">true</parameter>
        <!--parameter name="bind-address" locked="false">hostname or IP address</parameter-->
        <!--parameter name="WSDLEPRPrefix" locked="false">https://apachehost:port/somepath</parameter-->
       <parameter name="httpGetProcessor" locked="false">org.wso2.carbon.mediation.transport.handlers.PassThroughNHttpGetProcessor</parameter>
        <parameter name="keystore" locked="false">
            <KeyStore>
                <Location>repository/resources/security/wso2carbon.jks</Location>
                <Type>JKS</Type>
                <Password>wso2carbon</Password>
                <KeyPassword>wso2carbon</KeyPassword>
            </KeyStore>
        </parameter>
        <parameter name="truststore" locked="false">
            <TrustStore>
                <Location>repository/resources/security/client-truststore.jks</Location>
                <Type>JKS</Type>
                <Password>wso2carbon</Password>
            </TrustStore>
        </parameter>
       <!-- ============================================== -->
       <!-- Configuration for Listener Dynamic SSL Profile loading. -->
       <!-- Configured for 10 mins. -->
       <!-- ============================================== -->
       <parameter name="dynamicSSLProfilesConfig">
           <filePath>repository/resources/security/listenerprofiles.xml</filePath>
           <fileReadInterval>600000</fileReadInterval>
       </parameter>
       <parameter name="SSLVerifyClient">optional</parameter>
        <!--<parameter name="SSLVerifyClient">require</parameter>
            supports optional|require or defaults to none -->
</transportReceiver>

Copy the code given below to create the listenerprofiles.xml file in the <API-M_HOME>/repository/resources/security directory.

Code Block

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<parameter name="SSLProfiles">
<profile>
        <bindAddress>0.0.0.0</bindAddress>
         <KeyStore>
            <Location>repository/resources/security/wso2carbon.jks</Location>
            <Type>JKS</Type>
            <Password>wso2carbon</Password>
            <KeyPassword>wso2carbon</KeyPassword>
        </KeyStore>
        <TrustStore>
            <Location>repository/resources/security/client-truststore.jks</Location>
            <Type>JKS</Type>
            <Password>wso2carbon</Password>
        </TrustStore>
        <SSLVerifyClient>optional</SSLVerifyClient>
    </profile>
</parameter>

Note
The `<API-M_HOME>/repository/resources/security` directory can be changed according to the file path you have configured in Step 2.

Open the <API-M_HOME>/repository/conf/api-manager.xml file. Set the EnableMTLSForAPIs parameter to true.
Code Block
<APIManager> ... <EnableMTLSForAPIs>true</EnableMTLSForAPIs>
Restart the server.

Create an API secured with

...

Mutual SSL

Create an API.
Edit the API and navigate to the Manage tab.

Select Mutual SSL under API Security.

Note

You can select both OAuth2 and Mutual SSL options. This means that the user can access the API using a valid OAuth2 token or using a valid client certificate. When OAuth2 and Mutual SSL are both enabled, Mutual SSL authentication will have a higher priority than OAuth2 as explained as follows:

API Security		User's Response		Outcome
OAuth2	Mutual SSL	OAuth2 token	Mutual SSL Certificate	Outcome
Enabled	Enabled	Sent	Sent	Initially, the Mutual SSL certificate is validated. If the validation is successful, the OAuth2 token is ignored. If the Mutual SSL certificate fails, the OAuth2 token is validated, but if the OAuth2 token fails as well, the API call will fail.
Enabled	Enabled	Not sent	Sent	The Mutual SSL certificate is validated. If the validation fails, the API call will fail.
Enabled	Enabled	Sent	Not sent	The OAuth2 token is validated. If the validation fails, the API call will fail.

Click Manage Certificates to upload a new client certificate. Select Add New Certificate.

Insert excerpt

	Dynamic SSL Certificate Installation
	Dynamic SSL Certificate Installation
nopanel	true

Info

After configuring, the certificate will be added to the Gateway nodes which are defined under the Environments in api-manager.xml. In a clustered setup, as gateway configurations are identical, sync the <API-M_HOME>/repository/resources/security/listenerprofiles.xml and <API-M_HOME>/repository/resources/security/client-truststore.jks among the gateway nodes. After the configured interval, the synapse transport will be reloaded in all the gateway nodes.

Provide an alias and public certificate. Select the tier that should be used to throttle out the calls using this particular client certificate and click Upload.
Save and Publish the API

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Application subscription is not permitted for APIs that are only protected with mutual Mutual SSL. Hence, subscription/application level throttling is not applicable for these type of APIs.
Resource level throttling is not applicable for the APIs that are only protected with mutual Mutual SSL.
Resource level security will not be applicable for the APIs that are only protected with mutual Mutual SSL.
Scope level security will not be applicable for the APIs that are only protected with mutual Mutual SSL.

Versions Compared

Old Version 12

New Version 13

Key

Enable securing APIs with

Mutual SSL

Create an API secured with

Mutual SSL