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WS-Federation (Web Services Federation) describes the management and brokering of trust relationships and security token exchange across Web services and organizational boundaries. WS-Federation is a part of the larger WS-Security framework. For example, WS-Federation builds on the Security Token Service (STS) by providing mechanisms that facilitate interactions. In the WS-Federation Model, an Identity Provider is a Security Token Service (STS). Service Providers depend on an Identity Provider or Security Token Service to do the user authentication. OAuth is an important protocol for IdP services as most major Web services are also identity providers, mainly through the use of OAuth. These Web services include Google, Facebook, Yahoo, AOL, Microsoft, PayPal, MySpace, and Flickr among much more. Furthermore, all major email providers offer OAuth IdP services.

In most instances it is necessary to secure the Security Token Service. According to the Trust Brokering model defined in the WS-Trust specification, the subject (user) should authenticate himself to the STS before obtaining a token. STS may use this authentication information when constructing the security token. For example, STS may populate the required claims based on the user name provided by the subject.

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1. Expand the WS-Federation (Passive) Configuration form.
   

2. Fill in the following fields where relevant.

   Field	Description	Sample value
   Enable Passive STS	Selecting this option enables Passive STS to be used as an authenticator for users provisioned to the Identity Server.	Selected
   Default	Selecting the Default checkbox signifies that Passive STS is the main/default form of authentication. This removes the selection made for any other Default checkboxes for other authenticators.	Selected
   Passive STS Realm	This is used as an identifier for the realm and can be any value.	WSFederationHealthCare
   Passive STS URL	When sending the authentication request, there is a request for a security token generated by WS-Trust. Note As long as the federated IdP is the WSO2 Identity Server, this URL must follow this format: https://(host-name):(port)/acs	https://localhost:9443/passivests/
   Passive STS User ID Location	Select whether the User ID is found in 'Name Identifier' as part of the authentication request or if it is found among the claims. This specifies how the user is identified.	User ID found in 'Name Identifier'
   Additional Query Parameters	This is necessary if you are connecting to another Identity Server or application. Sometimes extra parameters are required by this IS or application so these can be specified here.	paramName1=value1

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In previous releases, Passive STS Single-Logout (SLO) requests for service providers were initiated without hostname verification which can impose a security risk. From IS 5.2.0 release onwards, certificate validation has been enforced and hostname verification is enabled by default. If you want to disable the hostname verification, configure the following property in the <IS_HOME>/repository/conf/identity/identity.xml file under the Server\SSOService tag. 

<SLOHostNameVerificationEnabled>false</SLOHostNameVerificationEnabled>

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