Configuring Transport Level Security

The transport level security protocol of the Tomcat server is configured in the <PRODUCT_HOME>/conf/tomcat/catalina-server.xml file. Note that the ssLprotocol attribute is set to "TLS" by default.
See the following topics for detailed configuration options:

Disable SSL on Carbon server

It is necessary to disable SSL in Carbon servers because of a bug (Poodle Attack) in the SSL protocol that could expose critical data encrypted between clients and servers. The Poodle Attack makes the system vulnerable by telling the client that the server does not support the more secure TLS (Transport Layer Security) protocol, and thereby forces it to connect via SSL. The effect of this bug can be mitigated by disabling SSL protocol for your server.

Follow the steps given below to disable SSL support on WSO2 Carbon based servers.

Open the <PRODUCT_HOME>/repository/conf/tomcat/catalina-server.xml file.
Make a backup of the catalina-server.xml file and stop the Carbon server.
Find the Connector configuration corresponding to TLS (usually, this connector has the port set to 9443 and the sslProtocol as TLS).
- If you are using JDK 1.6, remove the sslProtocol="TLS" attribute from the configuration and replace it with sslEnabledProtocols="TLSv1" as shown below.
```
<Connector protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol"
                port="9443"
                bindOnInit="false"
                sslEnabledProtocols="TLSv1"
```
- If you are using JDK 1.7, remove the sslProtocol="TLS" attribute from the above configuration and replace it with sslEnabledProtocols="TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2" as shown below.
```
<Connector protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol"
                port="9443"
                bindOnInit="false"
                sslEnabledProtocols="TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2" 
```
Start the server.

In some Carbon products, such as WSO2 ESB and WSO2 API Manager, pass-thru transports are enabled. Therefore, to disable SSL version 3 in such products, the axis2.xml file stored in the <PRODUCT_HOME>/repository/conf/axis2/ directory should also be configured.

To test if SSL is disabled:

Download TestSSLServer.jar from here.
Execute the following command to test the transport:
```
java -jar TestSSLServer.jar localhost 9443 
```

The output of the command before and after disabling SSL is shown below.

Before SSL is disabled:

Supported versions: SSLv3 TLSv1.0
Deflate compression: no
Supported cipher suites (ORDER IS NOT SIGNIFICANT):
  SSLv3
     RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5
     RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5
     RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
     RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA
     RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA
     RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
     DHE_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA
     DHE_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA
     DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
     RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
     DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
     RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
     DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
  (TLSv1.0: idem)

After SSL is disabled:

Supported versions: TLSv1.0
Deflate compression: no
Supported cipher suites (ORDER IS NOT SIGNIFICANT):
  TLSv1.0
     RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5
     RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5
     RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
     RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA
     RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA
     RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
     DHE_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA
     DHE_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA
     DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
     RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
     DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
     RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
     DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA

Disable weak ciphers in Carbon server

A cipher is an algorithm for performing encryption or decryption. When the sslprotocol is set to "TLS", only the TLS and default ciphers are enabled by default. However, note that the strength of the ciphers will not be considered when they are enabled. Therefore, to disable the weak ciphers, you must ensure that only the ciphers you want your server to support are entered for the ciphers attribute in a comma-separated list. Also, if you do not add this cipher attribute or keep it blank, all SSL ciphers by JSSE will be supported by your server, thereby enabling the weak ciphers.

Go to the catalina-server.xml file in the <PRODUCT_HOME>/repository/conf/tomcat directory.
Make a backup of the catalina-server.xml file and stop the Carbon server (same as for disabling SSL).

Add the cipher attribute to the existing configuration in the catalina-server.xml file by adding the list of ciphers that you want your server to support as follows: ciphers="<cipher-name>,<cipher-name>".

ciphers="SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5,SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,
         TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA,
         SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA,SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA"

Start the server.